Medications which bind to opioid receptors are increasingly being prescribed
for the treatment of multiple and diverse chronic painful conditions. Their use
for acute pain or terminal pain is well accepted. Their role in the long-term
treatment of chronic noncancer pain is, however, controversial for many reasons.
for the treatment of multiple and diverse chronic painful conditions. Their use
for acute pain or terminal pain is well accepted. Their role in the long-term
treatment of chronic noncancer pain is, however, controversial for many reasons.
Common side effects of opioid administration include sedation, dizziness,
nausea, vomiting, constipation, physical dependence, tolerance, and respiratory
depression. Physical dependence and addiction are clinical concerns that
may prevent proper prescribing and in turn inadequate pain management.
Less common side effects may include delayed gastric emptying, hyperalgesia,
immunologic and hormonal dysfunction, muscle rigidity, and myoclonus
nausea, vomiting, constipation, physical dependence, tolerance, and respiratory
depression. Physical dependence and addiction are clinical concerns that
may prevent proper prescribing and in turn inadequate pain management.
Less common side effects may include delayed gastric emptying, hyperalgesia,
immunologic and hormonal dysfunction, muscle rigidity, and myoclonus
Opioids can be considered broad spectrum analgesic agents, affecting a wide number of organ systems and influencing a large number of body functions.
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